Jamming and spoofing of GPS on ships: real-world attacks on global navigation systems 🛳️🧭😵‍💫👁️👽

Experts at INTERTANKO presented their report at the end of 2025 on risks to ship navigation from interference with Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) - such as GPS - and onboard systems that depend on them, such as AIS.

The focus of the authors is maritime security, but the theory of GNSS and the technical insights into how navigation systems work in different places around the world will be of interest to experts from other areas of expertise as well, I am sure.

What I’ve learned from the report - its “Carry-Off” attack:

  1. The attacker first copies real satellite signals.

  2. Then slowly increases the fake signals.

  3. The receiver smoothly switches to the fake ones without noticing.

As a result, the victim ship is gradually “moved” on its navigation system without any sudden jump, making it very hard to detect but deadly in some cases...

I am pretty sure you’ll enjoy the read!

More details:

Jamming and Spoofing of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) [PDF]: https://www.maritimeglobalsecurity.org/media/2cwigtc4/2025-jamming-and-spoofing-2nd-ed-web.pdf

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原始链接: https://it4sec.substack.com/p/jamming-and-spoofing-of-gps-on-ships
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